GENIUS KNOWLEDGE PART-3

Hardware Components

Memory 

ROM – Read Only Memory

Read Only Memory (ROM) as the name suggests is a special type of memory chip that holds software that can be read but not written to. A good example is the ROM-BIOS chip, which contains read-

only software. 

Often network cards and video cards also contain ROM clips.

How Computer Memory Is Measured Bit All computers work on a binary numbering system, i.e. they process data in one's or zero's. This 1 or 0 level of storage is called a bit. 

Byte

A byte consists of eight bits.

Kilobyte

A kilobyte (KB) consists of 1024 bytes.

Megabyte

A megabyte (MB) consists of 1024 kilobytes.

Gigabyte

A gigabyte (GB) consists of 1024 megabytes.

Microprocessors -- "The brain of the computer“

- PCs primarily use microprocessors (sometimes called the chip). The older Intel versions include the 386, 486 and now the Pentium line.

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is normally an Intel Pentium (or equivalent) and it is one of the most important components within your computer.It determines how fast your computer will run and is measured by its MHz speed.Thus a 600 MHz Pentium is much faster than say a 400 MHz Pentium CPU. It is the CPU that performs all the calculations within the computer.

Computer speed performance.

CPU speed

RAM size

Hard disk speed and capacity

Software Component.

Operating systems software.

The operating system is a special type of program that loads automatically when you start your computer. The operating system allows you to use the advanced features of 

a modern computer without having to learn all the details of how the hardware works

The link between the hardware and you, the user Makes the computer easy to use without having to understand bits a bytes.

Applications software.

An application program is the type of program that you use once the operating system has been loaded. 

Examples include word-processing programs, 

spreadsheets and databases.

Application Software

1. Word processing applications

Microsoft Word 

Lotus Word Pro

WordPerfect 

2. Spreadsheets

Microsoft Excel 

Lotus 123 

 3. Database

Microsoft Access 

Lotus Approach